Optical Metrology

Prof. Dr. Fröba,  5 ECTS

(can be found as „Thermophysikalische Eigenschaften von Arbeitsstoffen der Verfahrens- und Energietechnik“ in the public course catalogue, but is taught in English)

• The importance of thermophysical properties in process and energy engineering
• Equilibrium properties for the characterization of working materials, e.g., in the form of thermodynamic properties of state and other equilibrium properties such as density, internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, specific heat capacity, sound speed, refractive index, surface or interfacial tension, etc.
• Transport properties for the characterization of molecular transfer of mass, energy, and momentum, e.g. diffusion coefficients, Soret coefficient, thermal diffusion coefficient, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and viscosity
• Use-oriented inquiry of thermophysical property data in scientific literature, table compilations, and databases
• Correlation and prediction of thermophysical properties
• Methods for experimental determination and in-process measurement of thermophysical properties, in particular by laser-optical techniques
• Basics of the theoretical prediction of thermophysical properties by molecular modeling

Prof. Dr. Joly, Prof. Dr. Chekhova, 5 ECTS

• Linear properties of materials.
• Origin of the nonlinear susceptibility.
• Importance of phase-matching.
• Second harmonic generation, derivation of the set of coupled equations.
• Importance of the initial phase and case of seeding second harmonic generation. Use of birefringence to achieve phase-matching.
• Electro-optic effects.
• Nonlinear process in relation to third order nonlinearity.
• Modulation instability, soliton formation, perturbations of soliton, and supercontinuum generation.
• Application: nonlinear optics in photonic crystal fibers.

Prof. Dr. Friedrich, PD Dr. Schürmann, 5 ECTS

• Application of optical methods in the field of cell biology and medicine
• Microscopy: Basic concepts, methods to enhance contrast, optical resolution and limits, components and setup of light microscopes, fluorescence microscopy
• Applications of fluorescence microscopy in life sciences, methods for labeling of biological structures and cellular processes´
• Epi-fluorescence, confocal and multiphoton microscopy, concepts and application examples
• Optical endoscopy and endomicroscopy in research and clinics
• Super-resolution microscopy, concepts and applications for optical Imaging beyond the diffraction Limit of Resolution

Prof. Dr. Peukert, Dr. Walter, 5 ECTS

The module introduces modern (optical) techniques for characterization of disperse systems in chemical engineering and materials science. The participants will learn general principles as well as where, when and on which time scale information on materials properties can be gained by the discussed methods. For disperse systems the latter can be for example particle size, particle shape, materials composition, electronic properties and surface chemistry as well as surface charge.

• Introduction to Materials Properties and Classification
• Sampling, Error Sources and their Analysis
• Definition and Determination of Particle Distribution, Size and Shape
• Principles Optics and Diffraction I
• Principles Optics and Diffraction II
• Diffraction, Rayleigh-, Mie scattering
• Static and Dynamic Light scattering
• X-Ray Scattering and Applications
• Zetapotential and its measurement with optical methods
• Analytical Ultra-Centrifugation with Multi-Wavelength Optics
• Nonlinear Optics at Interfaces and its Application
• Color and its Measurement: UV-Vis and Fluorescence Spectroscopy
• Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy including Surface-Enhanced Techniques
• Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS)
• Scanning Probe Microscopy and Electron Microscopy

Prof. Dr. Will, Dr. Huber, 5 ECTS

• properties of light; properties of molecules; Boltzmann distribution;
• geometric optics; lasers (HeNe, Nd:YAG, dye, frequency conversion); continuous wave and pulsed lasers;
• photoelectric effect; photodetectors (photomultiplier, photodiode, CCD, CMOS, image intensifier); digital image processing; image noise and resolution;
• shadowgraphy and schlieren techniques;
• elastic light scattering (Mie scattering, Rayleigh thermometry, nanoparticle size and shape, droplet sizing);
• Raman scattering (species concentration, temperature, diffusion);
• incandescence (thermal radiation, pyrometry, particles);
• velocimetry (flow fields);
• absorption, fluorescence (temperature, species, concentration)

Prof. Dr. de Ligny, 5 ECTS

The module consists of two courses. Students have to attend both to earn the ECTS for the module.

Optical properties of glasses

• Fundamental concepts: The electromagnetic spectrum and units, Absorption, Luminescence, Scattering
• Optical transparency of solids: Optical magnitudes and the dielectric constant, The Lorentz Oscillator, Metals, Semiconductors and insulators, Excitons, Reflection and polarization
• Optical glasses: Optical aberration and solutions, Dispersion properties and composition
• Colors in glasses: The eye, Optically Active Centers, Transition metals in glasses, Metallic and Chalcogenide nanoparticles
• Chromism: Thermochromism, Photochromism, Gasochromism, Electrochromism
• IR glasses: Chalcogenide, Fluorite glasses
• Optical Fibers: Principle, Manufacturing, Applications, Photonic fibers

Vibrational spectroscopies, from theory to practice

• Nature of vibrations inside matter
• Interaction light matter
• Instrumentation
• Raman application
• Infrared Spectroscopy
• Advanced technics

Prof. Dr. Schmidt, 5 ECTS